The Scotland men's national rugby union team represents Scotland in international men's rugby union and is administered by the Scottish Rugby Union. The team participates in the annual Six Nations Championship where they are the current Calcutta Cup holders. They also participate in the Rugby World Cup, which takes place every four years.

As of February 6, 2023, Scotland is 5th in the World Rugby Rankings.

The team's history dates back to 1871, when the Scotland rugby team played their first official test match, winning 1-0 against England at Raeburn Place. Scotland participated in the Five Nations from the inaugural tournament in 1883, winning it outright fourteen times - including the last Five Nations in 1999 - and sharing a further eight. In 2000, the league accepted a sixth competitor, Italy, forming the Six Nations. Since this change, Scotland have yet to win the competition. The Rugby World Cup was introduced in 1987 and Scotland have competed in all nine competitions, the most recent being in 2019 where they failed to reach the quarter-finals. Their best result came in 1991, when they lost to the All Blacks in the third place play-off.

Scotland have beaten all major Rugby Union playing nations except New Zealand, with their best result being two draws.